Abscopal effect of radiation therapy and nivolumab in a patient with combined small-cell lung cancer: a case report.

The paradigm for combined small-cell lung carcinoma (C-SCLC) is according to standard SCLC treatment with poor outcomes. The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy for pretreated SCLC is still limited. Clinical researches exploring radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy showed promising synergistic effects in several tumors. We report one C-SCLC case after resistant to comprehensive treatment receiving nivolumab combined with radiotherapy achieving clinical complete remission (CCR). The combination module of ICI and radiation could be an option for relapsed C-SCLC, and the prognostic indicators need further research.