Severe hypercalcemia and acute renal failure in an infant with subcutaneous fat necrosis.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis (SFN) in the newborn is a form of panniculitis which presents with erythematous nodules and indurated plaques. Severe life-threatening hypercalcaemia can occur as a late complication. A 2-month-old girl presented with severe hypercalcaemia and acute renal injury as a complication of SFN. She was admitted to hospital with the chief complaint of failure to thrive. She had a history of therapeutic hypothermia. After successful treatment of the hypercalcaemia with bisphosphonates, the acute renal injury recovered spontaneously. In neonates with SFN, acute renal injury is a rare complication of hypercalcaemia. Timely prevention of the complications of hypercalcaemia in SFN is essential.