Mucus plugs and bronchial wall thickening on three-dimensional computed tomography in patients with unexplained chronic cough whose sputum yielded filamentous Basidiomycetes.

• Three-dimensional computed tomography helps clinicians assess patients with unexplained chronic cough and identify those with fungus-associated chronic cough. • A retrospective single-center study showed that computed tomography images in patients with filamentous Basidiomycetes cultured from sputum had mucus plugs and bronchiolar wall thickening. • UCC patients with sputum cultures positive for filamentous Basidiomycetes may have fine airway lesions that could not be detected without three-dimensional computed tomography.