Hyperandrogenism by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry in PCOS: Focus on Testosterone and Androstenedione.
Giorgia GrassiElisa PolledriSilvia FustinoniIacopo ChiodiniFerruccio CeriottiSimona D'AgostinoFrancesca FilippiEdgardo SomiglianaGiovanna MantovaniArosio MauraValentina MorelliPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2020)
The identification of hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is concerning because of the poor accuracy of the androgen immunoassays (IA) and controversies regarding which androgens should be measured. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of the assessment of testosterone (T) and androstenedione (A) by liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS), in the diagnosis of PCOS. We evaluated 131 patients referred for suspected PCOS. Fourteen patients in total were excluded, some because of other diagnosis (n = 7) or incomplete diagnostic workup (n = 7). We measured T and A both by IA and LC-MS/MS in the 117 subjects included. We calculated free T (fT) by the Vermeulen formula and recorded clinical and metabolic data. 73 healthy females served as controls to derive immunoassays (IA) and LC-MS/MS reference intervals for T, fT and A. PCOS was confirmed in 90 subjects by IA and in 93 (+3.3%) by LC-MS/MS. The prevalence of biochemical hyperandrogenism in PCOS by LC-MS/MS increased from 81.7% to 89.2% if A was also considered. The most frequently elevated androgens were fT (73.1%) and A (64.5%) and they had similar levels of accuracy in differentiating PCOS and controls (0.34 ng/dL, Sn 91% Sp 89%; 1.16 ng/mL, Sn 91% Sp 88%, respectively). Free testosterone correlated with body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-index, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and sex-binding globulin (SHBG). The results confirm that LC-MS/MS is slightly more sensitive than IA in the diagnosis of PCOS with LC-MS/MS detecting higher levels of fT and A. Moreover, assessment of fT and A by LC-MS/MS had a similar level of accuracy in discriminating between PCOs and control subjects. Lastly, fT by LC-MS/MS correlates with adverse metabolic parameters.
Keyphrases
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- insulin resistance
- body mass index
- mass spectrometry
- end stage renal disease
- liquid chromatography
- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- prognostic factors
- replacement therapy
- metabolic syndrome
- magnetic resonance imaging
- peritoneal dialysis
- type diabetes
- patient reported outcomes
- skeletal muscle
- weight gain
- high resolution
- adipose tissue
- electronic health record
- machine learning
- data analysis
- adverse drug
- red blood cell