A case of recurrent acute cholecystitis caused by Actinomyces odontolyticus, rare actinomycosis.

To our knowledge, this is the first case of cholecystitis caused by A. odontolyticus. Cholecystitis caused by Actinomyces species is rare. In addition, we may overlook it with the low positivity of bile cultures of Actinomyces. Whenever the cholecystitis recurs without any obstruction of the biliary tract, we should search for the gram-positive rods hidden in the bile, such as A. odontolyticus, as the causative organism, even if the bile culture is negative.