Salsalate reverses metabolic disorders in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through AMPK activation and caspase-6 activity inhibition.
Jingjing LiChangmai ChenWei ZhangJing'ai BiGuang YangErguang LiPublished in: Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology (2020)
Salsalate, an ester formed by 2 salicylic acid molecules, has beneficial effect against metabolic disorders in clinical trials and in animal studies. This study focused on the mechanistic aspects of salsalate activity against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Using high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice, we showed that salsalate treatment decreased body-weight gains, reduced white adipose tissue mass and improved glycaemic control. Mice in salsalate-treated group also had reduced obese adipose tissue and hepatic macrophage infiltration and inflammation and adipogenesis gene expression. Histology analysis revealed predominant decreases in hepatosteatosis, including both macrovesicular and microvesicular steatoses. The treatment reversed AMPK activity repression that was accompanied by reduced caspase-6 activity and cleavage. Enzymatic assay and cell culture studies showed that salsalate promoted AMPK activation by directly activating AMPK. This study links salsalate effect against metabolic disorders to its activity on reversion of AMPK repression in NAFLD mice and on suppression of adipogenic gene induction.
Keyphrases
- adipose tissue
- high fat diet
- insulin resistance
- skeletal muscle
- gene expression
- high fat diet induced
- mouse model
- clinical trial
- type diabetes
- protein kinase
- dna methylation
- metabolic syndrome
- oxidative stress
- induced apoptosis
- signaling pathway
- genome wide
- transcription factor
- smoking cessation
- copy number
- case control
- liver fibrosis
- obese patients
- double blind