Therapeutic angiogenesis in coronary artery disease: a review of mechanisms and current approaches.

An effective, sustained, and safe therapeutic option for angiogenesis truly could be the paradigm shift for cardiovascular medicine. Unfortunately, clinically meaningful therapeutic options remain elusive because promising animal studies have not been replicated in human trials. The sheer complexity of this process means that numerous major hurdles remain before therapeutic angiogenesis truly makes its way from the bench to the bedside.