A comprehensive approach for evaluating lymphovascular invasion in invasive breast cancer: Leveraging multimodal MRI findings, radiomics, and deep learning analysis of intra- and peritumoral regions.

The diagnostic efficiency of the GPTV-derived radiomics and DL models surpassed that of the GTV-derived models. Furthermore, the hybrid model, which incorporated GPTV_DL, GPTV_radiomics, and imaging findings, demonstrated the effective determination of LVI status prior to surgery in patients with breast cancer.