Juglone, a plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone, binds to hydroxylamine oxidoreductase and inhibits the electron transfer to cytochrome c 554 .

, a physiological electron acceptor. These findings support the notion that phytochemicals can impede nitrification by interfering with the essential electron transfer process in ammonia oxidation. The findings presented in this article offer valuable insights for the development of strategies aimed at the management of nitrification, reduction of fertilizer utilization, and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.