Radiotherapy prior to or after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: a randomized controlled trial.

Applying RT prior to TACE provided better survival outcomes than TACE followed by RT for patients with HCC and PVTT, which may act as an optimized regional modality to further improve local control rates (Trial registration: ChiCTR ChiCTR2000033573.).