Differences in clinical presentation and management between pre- and postsurgical diagnoses of urinary bladder paraganglioma: is there clinical relevance? A systematic review.

In nearly half of all patients with a UBPGL, the diagnosis was not established before surgery. Hypertension and hematuria contributed independently to a presurgical diagnosis. Postsurgical diagnosis, which was associated with suboptimal presurgical and surgical management, resulted in more peroperative complications and incomplete tumor resections.