Proanthocyanidins (PAs) possess superior antioxidant properties and nutritious value, however, low bioavailability and stability limit their applications. Here, we developed a novel method to encapsulate PA dimers successfully into horse spleen apoferritin (apoHSF) using a disassembly/reassembly method based on pH change. The PA-HSF nanoparticles were characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, circular dichroism, and high-performance liquid chromatography. One apoferritin cage could approximately encapsulate 25.6 molecules of the PA dimer. The results showed that the encapsulation of the PA dimers protected it from the damage of oxidants and temperature below room temperature would be an appropriate condition for HSF-578 solution storage. Moreover, HepG2 cell monolayer absorption and adhesion analyses indicated that the PA dimers encapsulated within apoHSF cages were more efficient in transport. In addition, it was indicated that the PA-HSF nanoparticles had higher cellular antioxidant activity. The novel strategy provided in this study indicates that the protein cage structures like ferritin have potential to be applied in the field of food nutrition.
Keyphrases
- room temperature
- high performance liquid chromatography
- heat shock
- oxidative stress
- electron microscopy
- mass spectrometry
- single molecule
- tandem mass spectrometry
- single cell
- stem cells
- ionic liquid
- simultaneous determination
- staphylococcus aureus
- cell therapy
- small molecule
- ms ms
- human health
- bone marrow
- protein protein
- climate change
- biofilm formation
- cystic fibrosis
- liquid chromatography
- cell migration
- energy transfer