Clinical pattern and prevalence of upper gastrointestinal toxicity in patients abusing ketamine.

Shirley Yuk Wah LiuStephen Ka Kei NgYuk Him TamSamuel Chi Hang YeeFranco Pui Tak LaiCindy Yuek Lam HongPhilip Wai Yan ChiuEnders Kwok Wai NgChi Fai Ng

Published in: Journal of digestive diseases (2018)

Although epigastric symptoms are unusual in the young population, upper gastrointestinal toxicity was highly prevalent in those inhaling ketamine. Enquiries about ketamine abuse are recommended when assessing young patients with epigastric symptoms.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
pain management
ejection fraction
oxidative stress
newly diagnosed
chronic kidney disease
prognostic factors
peritoneal dialysis
risk factors
patient reported outcomes
depressive symptoms
intimate partner violence