Four undescribed guaiane sesquiterpenes, aquisinenoids I-L (2-5) and five known compounds were isolated from the resins of Aquilaria sinensis. Their structures were deduced based on spectroscopic data analysis, X-ray crystallography and ECD calculations. Biologically, compounds 1, 5, 6 and 9 showed anti-renal fibrosis activity, significantly reducing the levels of fibronectin, collagen I, and α-SMA. Compounds 2-4, 7 and 8 could reduce one or two of these proteins at non-toxic concentrations in TGF-β1 induced NRK-52E cells.
Keyphrases
- data analysis
- high resolution
- induced apoptosis
- molecular docking
- cell cycle arrest
- high glucose
- molecular dynamics
- molecular dynamics simulations
- diabetic rats
- transforming growth factor
- oxidative stress
- magnetic resonance imaging
- magnetic resonance
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- endothelial cells
- cell proliferation
- contrast enhanced