Beyond pulmonary vein isolation: approaches to treat patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.
Benjamin BuckMahmoud HoumssePublished in: Expert review of cardiovascular therapy (2024)
In the authors' expert opinions, upcoming persistent AF ablations will utilize a stepwise approach of (1) ensuring PV isolation, (2) Vein of Marshall ablation and (3) AI-assisted ablation to optimize future persistent AF ablation outcomes. This approach systematically addresses arrhythmogenic sources beyond the pulmonary veins, the historical treatment target.
Keyphrases
- atrial fibrillation
- catheter ablation
- left atrial
- left atrial appendage
- oral anticoagulants
- radiofrequency ablation
- heart failure
- pulmonary hypertension
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- current status
- drinking water
- type diabetes
- coronary artery disease
- adipose tissue
- combination therapy
- machine learning
- deep learning
- left ventricular
- glycemic control