Changes in Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Rectal Mucosa Associated with Neisseria Gonorrheae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Treatment Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Lima, Peru.

Rectal NG/CT infection is associated with transient mucosal inflammation and cytokine recruitment that resolves following treatment. Our data provides "proof of concept" for rectal STI screening as an HIV prevention strategy for MSM.