Upconversion Nanoprobes for the Ratiometric Luminescent Sensing of Nitric Oxide.
Ningning WangXinyan YuKe ZhangChad Alexander MirkinJishan LiPublished in: Journal of the American Chemical Society (2017)
By taking advantage of the optical properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), we have designed a luminescence ratiometric nanosensor for measuring nitric oxide (NO) in biological fluids, live cells, and tissues. This nanoconjugate consists of a UCNP core with two strong fluorescence emission peaks at 540 and 656 nm as the upconversion fluorophore, NO-reactive rhodamine B-derived molecules (RdMs) encapsulated within the mesopores of the mSiO2 shell, and a β-cyclodextrin (βCD) layer on the exterior of the particle. Reaction of the analyte with the O-phenylenediamine of the RdM induces opening of the spiro-ring and is accompanied by an appearance of a strong rhodamine B (RdB) absorption band between 500 and 600 nm, which has spectral overlap with the green emission (540 nm) of the UCNPs. This results in an increase in the I656/I540 ratio and quantitatively correlates with [NO]. The assay is validated under clean buffer conditions as well as inserum and liver tissue slices obtained from mouse models.
Keyphrases
- energy transfer
- fluorescent probe
- nitric oxide
- photodynamic therapy
- living cells
- quantum dots
- fluorescence imaging
- nitric oxide synthase
- hydrogen peroxide
- induced apoptosis
- mouse model
- cell cycle arrest
- gene expression
- light emitting
- optical coherence tomography
- sensitive detection
- solid state
- computed tomography
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- single molecule
- cell proliferation
- single cell
- capillary electrophoresis
- nk cells