Estimands in cluster-randomized trials: choosing analyses that answer the right question.
Brennan C KahanFan LiAndrew J CopasMichael O HarhayPublished in: International journal of epidemiology (2022)
We conclude that careful specification of the estimand at the outset can ensure that the study question being addressed is clear and relevant, and, in turn, that the selected estimator provides an unbiased estimate of the desired quantity.