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Exploration of anatomical landmarks for performing an endoscopic transoral nasopharyngectomy.

Lifeng LiHongbo XuYonggang JinXiaohong ChenRicardo L CarrauNyall R London
Published in: Head & neck (2022)
The pterygoid hamulus, sphenoidal spine and petrotympanic fissure serve as reliable landmarks for performing a transoral nasopharyngectomy. Identification of the pICA is a prerequisite prior to transection of the ET to avoid pICA injury.
Keyphrases
  • ultrasound guided
  • bioinformatics analysis