Optimized Methodology for the Calculation of Electrostriction from First-Principles.

In this work a new method for the calculation of the electrostrictive properties of materials using density functional theory is presented. The method relies on the thermodynamical equivalence, in a dielectric, of the quadratic mechanical responses (stress or strain) to applied electric stimulus (electric or polarization fields) to the strain or stress dependence of its dielectric susceptibility or stiffness tensors. Comparing with current finite-field methodologies for the calculation of electrostriction, it is demonstrated that this presented methodology offers significant advantages of efficiency, robustness, and ease of use. These advantages render tractable the high throughput theoretical investigation into the largely unknown electrostrictive properties of materials, and the microscopic origins of giant electrostriction.