Skin Thermal Management for Subcutaneous Photoelectric Conversion Reaching 500 Mw.

Despite possessing higher tissue transmittance and maximum permissible exposure power density for skins relative to other electromagnetic waves, second near-infrared light (1000∼1350 nm) is scarcely applicable to subcutaneous photoelectric conversion, owing to the companion of photothermal effect. Here, a skin thermal management is conceived to utmostly utilize the photothermal effect of a photovoltaic cell, which not only improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency but also eliminates the skin hyperthermia. In vivo, the output power can be higher than 500 mW with a photoelectric conversion efficiency as 9.4%. This output power is promising to recharge all the clinically applied implantable devices via wireless power transmission, e.g. clinical pacemakers (6∼200 μW), drug pump (0.5∼2 mW), cochlear (5∼40 mW), and wireless endo-photo cameras (∼100 mW). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.