Association of HIV serostatus and metabolic syndrome with neurobehavioral disturbances.
Caitlin N PopeJessica L MontoyaElizabeth VasquezJosué Pérez-SantiagoRonald EllisJ Allen McCutchanDilip V JesteDavid J MooreMaría J MarquinePublished in: Journal of neurovirology (2020)
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a constellation of related metabolic risk factors, is a common comorbidity associated with cognitive difficulty in people living with HIV (PLWH). Neurobehavioral disturbances (e.g., behavioral manifestations of frontal-subcortical dysfunction) are also prevalent in HIV, yet the role MetS might play in HIV-associated neurobehavioral disturbances is unknown. Thus, we examined the link between MetS and neurobehavioral disturbances in PLWH. Participants included 215 adults (117 PLWH, 98 HIV-uninfected), aged 36 to 65 years, from a cohort study at the University of California San Diego. Using the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale, we captured neurobehavioral disturbances (apathy, disinhibition, and executive dysfunction). MetS was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria. Covariates examined included demographic, neurocognitive impairment, and psychiatric characteristics. When controlling for relevant covariates, both HIV serostatus and MetS were independently associated with greater apathy and executive dysfunction. HIV, but not MetS, was associated with greater disinhibition. The present findings suggest an additive effect of HIV and MetS on specific neurobehavioral disturbances (apathy and executive dysfunction), underscoring the importance of identifying and treating both HIV and MetS to lessen central nervous system burden among PLWH.
Keyphrases
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv infected
- hiv positive
- hiv testing
- human immunodeficiency virus
- hepatitis c virus
- hiv aids
- men who have sex with men
- metabolic syndrome
- risk factors
- oxidative stress
- healthcare
- insulin resistance
- multiple sclerosis
- type diabetes
- young adults
- bipolar disorder
- smoking cessation
- replacement therapy
- cardiovascular risk factors
- childhood cancer
- drug induced