In the treatment of hand fractures, metal implants are often used to allow early range of motion and a stable fixation. Although they provide adequate bone union, metal implants have been known to cause joint stiffness, painful or prominent hardware, and adhesions, often leading to another surgery for hardware removal. Bioabsorbable implants have been shown to offer comparable results for fracture fixation in the hand while removing the complications seen with retained hardware. In this article, we review biomechanical and clinical studies focused on bioabsorbable implants made of polylactic acid used for orthopedic hand injuries in order to promote their continued use and future research.