Taking Advantage of a Luminescent ESIPT-Based Zr-MOF for Fluorochromic Detection of Multiple External Stimuli: Acid and Base Vapors, Mechanical Compression, and Temperature.

Luminescent materials responsive to external stimuli have captivated great attention owing to their potential implementation in noninvasive photonic sensors. Luminescent metal-organic frameworks (LMOFs), a type of porous crystalline material, have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for these applications. Moreover, LMOFs constructed with organic linkers that undergo excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer (ESIPT) reactions are particularly relevant since changes in the surrounding environment induce modifications in their emission properties. Herein, an ESIPT-based LMOF, UiO-66-(OH) 2 , has been synthesized, spectroscopically and photodynamically characterized, and tested for detecting multiple external stimuli. First, the spectroscopic and photodynamic characterization of the organic linker (2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHT)) and the UiO-66-(OH) 2 MOF demonstrates that the emission properties are mainly governed by the enol → keto tautomerization, occurring in the organic linker via the ESIPT reaction. Afterward, the UiO-66-(OH) 2 MOF proves for the first time to be a promising candidate to detect vapors of acid (HCl) and base (Et 3 N) toxic chemicals, changes in the mechanical compression (exercised pressure), and changes in the temperature. These results shed light on the potential of ESIPT-based LMOFs to be implemented in the development of advanced optical materials and luminescent sensors.