Untangling the relationship between smoking and systemic sclerosis: an analysis of the EUSTAR cohort.
Jacopo CiaffiSophie I E LiemSuzanne CannegieterSaad AhmedEva M HoekstraPiotr WilandTatsuya AtsumiGabriella SzücsAlexandra Balbir GurmanLászló CzirjákElisabetta ZanattaIna KoetterJoerg Christoph HenesMarco Matucci CerinicPaolo AiròFrancesco UrsiniThomas Wj HuizingaJeska K de Vries-BouwstraEustar CollaboratorsPublished in: RMD open (2024)
Our stratified analysis demonstrates that smoking is associated with an increased risk for mortality in male SSc patients but not in women. Strikingly, smoking is associated with lower prevalence of ATA positivity, in particular in women. In both ATA-positive and ACA-positive patients, smoking is a risk factor for mortality, skin progression and 'any organ progression'.
Keyphrases
- systemic sclerosis
- end stage renal disease
- smoking cessation
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- risk factors
- prognostic factors
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- peritoneal dialysis
- cardiovascular events
- cardiovascular disease
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- pregnant women
- coronary artery disease
- adipose tissue
- healthcare
- patient reported outcomes