Potential use of melatonin in skin cancer treatment: A review of current biological evidence.
Mohammad Hossein PourhanifehMostafa MahdaviniaRussel J ReiterZatollah AsemiPublished in: Journal of cellular physiology (2019)
Skin cancer, particularly melanoma, is a leading cause of death worldwide. The therapeutic methods for this malignancy are not effective, and due to the side effects of these treatments, applying an appropriate alternative or complementary treatment is important. According to available data, melatonin as the main product of the pineal gland has oncostatic and antitumoral properties. Also, melatonin acts as an anti-inflammatory and reactive oxygen species inducer agent which suppresses the growth of tumors. It also has apoptosis induction characteristics through regulating signaling pathways, including heat shock protein 70, nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 and others. Thus, adding melatonin to chemo- and radiotherapy may have synergistic therapeutic effects and increase the survival time in patients with skin cancer. Few clinical studies have evaluated the efficacy of melatonin in skin cancer. Based on the related mechanisms, this review discusses about how melatonin may improve outcomes in skin cancer patients.
Keyphrases
- skin cancer
- nuclear factor
- heat shock protein
- reactive oxygen species
- signaling pathway
- toll like receptor
- oxidative stress
- early stage
- combination therapy
- machine learning
- photodynamic therapy
- type diabetes
- cancer therapy
- cell death
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- squamous cell carcinoma
- risk assessment
- metabolic syndrome
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- adipose tissue
- climate change
- insulin resistance
- inflammatory response
- artificial intelligence
- weight loss
- radiation induced
- replacement therapy
- cell cycle arrest
- heat stress
- free survival
- human health