Effects of focal impulse and rotor modulation-guided ablation on atrial arrhythmia termination and inducibility: Impact on outcomes after treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation.

A FIRM-guided approach was not associated with a significant difference in freedom from AF when compared to conventional ablation. Termination of AF with ablation was not associated with increased freedom from AF. While AF termination using substrate-based ablation may have mechanistic implications for understanding AF rotor physiology, its impact on clinical outcomes remains unclear.