Extracervical Approaches to Substernal Thyroid Goiter Resection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Extension below the thoracic inlet is the most widely used definition of SSG. Approximately 6% of patients with a SSG undergo an ECA. Patients with SSG undergoing surgery should be counseled on the prevalence, risks, and morbidity of an ECA in the rare occurrence it is needed.