Multielectrode Spectroscopy Enables Rapid and Sensitive Molecular Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles.
Tugba KilicYoung Kwan ChoNaebong JeongIk-Soo ShinBob S CarterLeonora BalajRalph WeisslederHakho LeePublished in: ACS central science (2022)
Detecting protein markers in extracellular vesicles (EVs) is becoming a useful tool for basic research and clinical diagnoses. Most EV protein assays, however, require lengthy processes-conjugating affinity ligands onto sensing substrates and affixing EVs with additional labels to maximize signal generation. Here, we present an iPEX (impedance profiling of extracellular vesicles) system, an all-electrical strategy toward fast, multiplexed EV profiling. iPEX adopts one-step electropolymerization to rapidly functionalize sensor electrodes with antibodies; it then detects EV proteins in a label-free manner through impedance spectroscopy. The approach streamlines the entire EV assay, from sensor preparation to signal measurements. We achieved (i) fast immobilization of antibodies (<3 min) per electrode; (ii) high sensitivity (500 EVs/mL) without secondary labeling; and (iii) parallel detection (quadruple) in a single chip. A potential clinical utility was demonstrated by directly analyzing plasma samples from glioblastoma multiforme patients.
Keyphrases
- label free
- single cell
- high throughput
- end stage renal disease
- solid state
- single molecule
- ejection fraction
- high resolution
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- helicobacter pylori
- prognostic factors
- amino acid
- peritoneal dialysis
- carbon nanotubes
- magnetic resonance
- magnetic resonance imaging
- computed tomography
- real time pcr
- molecularly imprinted
- risk assessment
- human health
- climate change