Intra-articular injections in the TMJ inferior joint space: a scoping review.

The amount of available evidence is scarce, heterogeneous in design, and most "patients-based studies" show moderate or high risk of bias, which demands the generation of new research to obtain definitive conclusions. The tendency observed suggests that intra-articular injections for the IJS of the TMJ are able to relieve TMJ pain, increase mouth opening and improve TMJ dysfunction, and image-guided injection techniques seem to be more effective than anatomical techniques to locate the needle in the IJS.