Systemic Activation of the Kynurenine Pathway in Graves` Disease with and without Ophthalmopathy.
Hans Olav UelandArve UlvikKristian LøvåsAnette S B WolffLars Ertesvåg BreivikAnn-Elin Meling StoklandEyvind RødahlRoy Miodini NilsenEystein Sverre HusebyeGrethe Åstrøm UelandPublished in: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (2023)
This study supports activation of interferon-γ inflammation and Th1 cellular immunity in GD, but also a contribution of acute phase reactants. Our finding of no difference in systemic activation of the kynurenine pathway in GD patients with and without TED implies that the local Th1 immune response in the orbit is not reflected systemically.