Clinical outcomes of minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) versus open extended cholecystectomy: A multicenter propensity score matched study.

Although patients with MI-EC had a longer operation time and higher medical costs, the advantages were enhanced recovery with comparable short- and long-term outcomes. The operation time was less for R-EC patients than for L-EC patients, though the high cost still remains. The surgery type for EC can be selected according to the patient's condition, social status and surgeon's preference.