Immune checkpoint inhibitor use in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: the current landscape and future perspectives.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are licensed for use in patients with unresectable, recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Multiple published and ongoing trials are assessing efficacy in the curative management of patients in the concomitant, neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant settings, as well as part of multimodality treatment in patients with metastatic disease. This review evaluates the evidence for use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in all stages of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and considers future approaches.