AuAg Nanoparticles Grafted on TiO 2 @N-Doped Porous Carbon: Improved Depletion of Ciprofloxacin under Visible Light through Plasmonic Photocatalysis.

TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) were modified to obtain photocatalysts with different composition sophistication and displaying improved visible light activity. All of them were evaluated in the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin. The band gap of TiO 2 NPs was successfully tailored by the formation of an N-doped porous carbon (NPC)-TiO 2 nanohybrid through the pyrolysis of melamine at 600 °C, leading to a slight red-shift of the absorption band edge for nanohybrid NPC-TiO 2   1 . In addition, the in-situ formation and grafting of plasmonic AuAg NPs at the surface of NPC sheets and in close contact with TiO 2 NPs leads to AuAg-NPC-TiO 2 nanohybrids 2-3 . These nanohybrids showed superior photocatalytic performance for the degradation of ciprofloxacin under visible light irradiation, compared to pristine P25 TiO 2 NPs or to AuAg-PVP-TiO 2 nanohybrid 4 in which polyvinylpyrrolidone stabilized AuAg NPs were directly grafted to TiO 2 NPs. The materials were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), High Angle Annular Dark Field-Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy HAADF-STEM-EDS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and solid UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the active species involved in the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin using AuAg-NCS-TiO 2 nanohybrids were evaluated by trapping experiments to propose a mechanism for the degradation.