Harm Reduction Associated with Dual Use of Cigarettes and e-Cigarettes in Black and Latino Smokers: Secondary Analyses from a Randomized Controlled e-Cigarette Switching Trial.

Findings suggest short-term harm reduction potential of dual cigarette-e-cigarette use for Black and Latino smokers. Results also demonstrate the heterogeneity of dual-use, with the greatest harm reduction seen in dual users with higher rates of substitution from cigarettes to e-cigarettes. Study results should be confirmed in a full clinical trial with long-term follow-up to evaluate maintenance of dual-use patterns and associated harm reduction potential over time.