Spatial Heterogeneity of Glomerular Phenotypes Impacts Kidney Biopsy Findings.

Spatial analysis of large sections of kidney tissue provided quantitative evidence of spatial heterogeneity of glomerular phenotypes including clustering of atypical glomeruli in individuals with hypertension or older age. Most importantly, deep kidney biopsies that lack subcapsular area under-detect atypical glomerular phenotypes, suggesting that capturing the renal capsule as an important quality control measure for kidney biopsies.