Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide and the leading cause of tumor-related mortality. Endoscopy and serological tumor marker testing are currently the main methods of GC screening, and treatment relies on surgical resection or chemotherapy. However, traditional examination and treatment methods are more harmful to patients and less sensitive and accurate. A minimally invasive method to respond to GC early screening, prognosis monitoring, treatment efficacy, and drug resistance situations is urgently needed. As a result, liquid biopsy techniques have received much attention in the clinical application of GC. The non-invasive liquid biopsy technique requires fewer samples, is reproducible, and can guide individualized patient treatment by monitoring patients' molecular-level changes in real-time. In this review, we introduced the clinical applications of circulating tumor cells, circulating free DNA, circulating tumor DNA, non-coding RNAs, exosomes, and proteins, which are the primary markers in liquid biopsy technology in GC. We also discuss the current limitations and future trends of liquid biopsy technology as applied to early clinical biopsy technology.
Keyphrases
- circulating tumor
- circulating tumor cells
- end stage renal disease
- ultrasound guided
- ionic liquid
- minimally invasive
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- cell free
- cardiovascular disease
- squamous cell carcinoma
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- type diabetes
- combination therapy
- coronary artery disease
- gas chromatography
- cardiovascular events
- high resolution
- patient reported outcomes
- current status
- simultaneous determination
- patient reported
- quantum dots
- locally advanced
- sensitive detection