Bergamot Byproducts: A Sustainable Source to Counteract Inflammation.
Caterina RussoGiovanni Enrico LombardoGiuseppe BruschettaAntonio RapisardaAlessandro MaugeriMichele NavarraPublished in: Nutrients (2024)
Chronic inflammation is the result of an acute inflammatory response that fails to eliminate the pathogenic agent or heal the tissue injury. The consequence of this failure lays the foundations to the onset of several chronic ailments, including skin disorders, respiratory and neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome, and, eventually, cancer. In this context, the long-term use of synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs to treat chronic illnesses cannot be tolerated by patients owing to the severe side effects. Based on this, the need for novel agents endowed with anti-inflammatory effects prompted to search potential candidates also within the plant kingdom, being recognized as a source of molecules currently employed in several therapeutical areas. Indeed, the ever-growing evidence on the anti-inflammatory properties of dietary polyphenols traced the route towards the study of flavonoid-rich sources, such as Citrus bergamia (bergamot) and its derivatives. Interestingly, the recent paradigm of the circular economy has promoted the valorization of Citrus fruit waste and, in regard to bergamot, it brought to light new evidence corroborating the anti-inflammatory potential of bergamot byproducts, thus increasing the scientific knowledge in this field. Therefore, this review aims to gather the latest literature supporting the beneficial role of both bergamot derivatives and waste products in different models of inflammatory-based diseases, thus highlighting the great potentiality of a waste re-evaluation perspective.
Keyphrases
- young adults
- anti inflammatory
- inflammatory response
- drinking water
- oxidative stress
- metabolic syndrome
- heavy metals
- end stage renal disease
- drug induced
- healthcare
- anti inflammatory drugs
- sewage sludge
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- systematic review
- liver failure
- cardiovascular disease
- insulin resistance
- papillary thyroid
- type diabetes
- peritoneal dialysis
- early onset
- prognostic factors
- squamous cell
- patient reported
- toll like receptor
- lps induced
- cardiovascular risk factors
- wound healing
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- respiratory failure
- structure activity relationship
- lymph node metastasis
- aortic dissection
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- mechanical ventilation