Bone Metastases from Gastric Cancer: What We Know and How to Deal with Them.
Angelica PetrilloEmilio Francesco GiuntaAnnalisa PappalardoDavide BossoLaura AttademoCinzia CardalesiAnna DianaAntonietta FabbrociniTeresa FabozziPasqualina GiordanoMargaret OttavianoMario RosanovaAntonia SilvestriPiera FedericoBruno DanielePublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2021)
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide; the prognosis is poor especially in the case of metastatic disease. Liver, lymph nodes, peritoneum, and lung are the most frequent sites of metastases from GC; however, bone metastases from GC have been reported in the literature. Nevertheless, it is unclear how the metastatic sites may affect the prognosis. In particular, knowledge about the impact of bone metastases on GC patients' outcome is scant, and this may be related to the rarity of bone lesions and/or their underestimation at the time of diagnosis. In fact, there is still a lack of specific recommendation for their detection at the diagnosis. Then, the majority of the evidences in this field came from retrospective analysis on very heterogeneous study populations. In this context, the aim of this narrative review is to delineate an overview about the evidences existing about bone metastases in GC patients, focusing on their incidence and biology, the prognostic role of bone involvement, and their possible implication in the treatment choice.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- squamous cell carcinoma
- lymph node
- small cell lung cancer
- peritoneal dialysis
- healthcare
- bone mineral density
- prognostic factors
- systematic review
- gas chromatography
- patient reported outcomes
- body composition
- postmenopausal women
- high resolution
- soft tissue
- drug induced