Not all black fungus is mucormycosis: A challenging case of Medicopsis romeroi.

In this case of phaeohyphomycosis, fine needle aspiration cytology enabled a rapid diagnosis and emergent treatment. This infection is quite prevalent in immunocompromised individuals; however, the Medicopsis romeroi species is a rare causative agent. These cases are associated with inadequate response to standard antifungal therapy and require discussion.