Accurate prediction of glaucoma from colour fundus images with a convolutional neural network that relies on active and transfer learning.

These results demonstrate the benefits of deep learning for automated glaucoma detection based on optic disc-centred fundus images. The combined use of transfer and active learning in the medical community can optimize performance of DL models, while minimizing the labelling cost of domain-specific mavens. Glaucoma experts are able to make use of heat maps generated by the deep learning classifier to assess its decision, which seems to be related to inferior and superior neuroretinal rim (within ONH), and RNFL in superotemporal and inferotemporal zones (outside ONH).