Exercise Rescues Gene Pathways Involved in Vascular Expansion and Promotes Functional Angiogenesis in Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue.
So Yun MinHeather LearnardShashi KantOlga GealikmanRaziel Rojas-RodriguezTiffany DeSouzaAnand DesaiJohn F KeaneySilvia CorveraSiobhan M CraigePublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2019)
Exercise mitigates chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity; however, the molecular mechanisms governing protection from these diseases are not completely understood. Here we demonstrate that exercise rescues metabolically compromised high fat diet (HFD) fed mice, and reprograms subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). Using transcriptomic profiling, scWAT was analyzed for HFD gene expression changes that were rescued by exercise. Gene networks involved in vascularization were identified as prominent targets of exercise, which led us to investigate the vasculature architecture and endothelial phenotype. Vascular density in scWAT was found to be compromised in HFD, and exercise rescued this defect. Similarly, angiogenic capacity as measured by ex vivo capillary sprouting was significantly promoted with exercise. Together, these data demonstrate that exercise enhances scWAT vascularization and functional capacity for angiogenesis, and can prevent the detrimental effects of HFD. The improvement in these indices correlates with improvement of whole-body metabolism, suggesting that scWAT vascularization may be a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disease.
Keyphrases
- high fat diet
- adipose tissue
- high intensity
- insulin resistance
- physical activity
- resistance training
- gene expression
- cardiovascular disease
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- high fat diet induced
- copy number
- machine learning
- coronary artery disease
- transcription factor
- weight loss
- single cell
- risk assessment
- body mass index
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- body composition
- big data
- mouse model
- electronic health record
- cardiovascular events
- weight gain
- cardiovascular risk factors
- glycemic control
- genome wide identification