Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Species and Their Mobile Genetic Elements from Poultry Farm Environments in Malaysia.
Syahidiah Syed Abu ThahirSakshaleni RajendiranRafiza ShaharudinYuvaneswary VelooPublished in: Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
The prevalence and persistent outbreaks of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella in low-income countries have received growing attention among the public and scientific community. Notably, the excessive use of antibiotics in chicken feed for the purpose of treatment or as prophylaxis in the poultry industry have led to a rising rate of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the presence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella species and its mobile genetic elements from soil and effluent samples of 33 randomly selected poultry farms in Selangor, Malaysia. Salmonella species were isolated on selective media (CHROMagar™ Salmonella ). VITEK ® 2 system was used to identify the isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility. Subsequently, eight isolates were subjected to the whole genome sequencing (WGS). Based on the results, Salmonella spp. was detected in 38.1% (24/63) of samples, with the highest resistance to ampicillin (62.5%), followed by ampicillin/sulbactam (50.0%) and ciprofloxacin (45.8%). Meanwhile, the identified serovars were Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Weltevreden ( S. Weltevreden), S . Jedburgh, and S. Brancaster. The most prevalent resistance genes detected include qnrS1 , bla TEM-176 , dfrA14 , and tet (A). The IncX 1 plasmid, with encoded resistance genes, was also detected in four isolates. Furthermore, mutations in the quinolone resistant-determining regions (QRDR) were discovered, specifically in the gyrA, gyrB , and parC genes. In short, surveillance such as continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and emerging trends in resistance patterns through farm environmental samples could provide information to formulate public health interventions for effective infection prevention and disease control.
Keyphrases
- antimicrobial resistance
- listeria monocytogenes
- escherichia coli
- multidrug resistant
- public health
- genome wide
- genetic diversity
- acinetobacter baumannii
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- healthcare
- drug resistant
- mental health
- gram negative
- emergency department
- physical activity
- dna methylation
- risk factors
- staphylococcus aureus
- working memory
- gene expression
- genome wide identification
- copy number
- social media
- weight loss
- body mass index
- anaerobic digestion
- life cycle