Association between primary or booster COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and Omicron lineage BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: A test-negative case-control analysis.
Margaret L LindAlexander J RobertsonJulio SilvaFrederick WarnerAndreas C CoppiNathan PriceChelsea DuckwallPeri SosenskyErendira C Di GiuseppeRyan BorgMariam O FofanaOtavio T RanzaniNatalie E DeanJason R AndrewsJulio Henrique da Rosa CrodaAkiko IwasakiDerek A T CummingsAlbert I KoMatt D T HitchingsWade L SchulzPublished in: PLoS medicine (2022)
In this study, we observed that primary vaccination provided significant but limited protection against Omicron (lineage BA.1) infection among people with and without a documented prior infection. While booster vaccination was associated with additional protection against Omicron BA.1 infection in people without a documented prior infection, it was not found to be associated with additional protection among people with a documented prior infection. These findings support primary vaccination in people regardless of documented prior infection status but suggest that infection history may impact the relative benefit of booster doses.