Endothelial metabolism in pulmonary vascular homeostasis and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Reece P StevensSunita S PaudelSantina C JohnsonTroy StevensJi Young LeePublished in: American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology (2021)
Capillary endothelial cells possess a specialized metabolism necessary to adapt to the unique alveolar-capillary environment. Here, we highlight how endothelial metabolism preserves the integrity of the pulmonary circulation by controlling vascular permeability, defending against oxidative stress, facilitating rapid migration and angiogenesis in response to injury, and regulating the epigenetic landscape of endothelial cells. Recent reports on single-cell RNA-sequencing reveal subpopulations of pulmonary capillary endothelial cells with distinctive reparative capacities, which potentially offer new insight into their metabolic signature. Lastly, we discuss broad implications of pulmonary vascular metabolism on acute respiratory distress syndrome, touching on emerging findings of endotheliitis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lungs.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- single cell
- coronavirus disease
- pulmonary hypertension
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- mechanical ventilation
- high glucose
- oxidative stress
- rna seq
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- dna methylation
- gene expression
- dna damage
- intensive care unit
- high throughput
- emergency department
- ischemia reperfusion injury