Current Status of the Open-Circuit Voltage of Kesterite CZTS Absorber Layers for Photovoltaic Applications-Part I, a Review.

Herein, based on the reviewed literature, the current marketability challenges faced by kesterite CZTS based-solar cells is addressed. A knowledge update about the attempts to reduce the open circuit voltage deficit of kesterite CZTS solar cells will be addressed, with a focus on the impact of Cu/Zn order/disorder and of Se doping. This review also presents the strengths and weaknesses of the most commercially attractive synthesis methods for synthesizing thin kesterite CZTS films for photovoltaic applications.