Slow resistance evolution to neonicotinoids in field populations of wheat aphids revealed by insecticide resistance monitoring in China.

Our results demonstrated that both R. padi and S. miscanthi tended to have higher resistance to imidacloprid compared with acetamiprid. However, it is difficult for wheat aphids to develop a high level of neonicotinoid resistance given the pest control practices used in China. These results should be useful for the biorational application and resistance management of neonicotinoid insecticides. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.