Single-stage resection of bottom-of-a-sulcus dysplasia involving eloquent cortex using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and intraoperative modalities.

Although technically complex, single-stage resection taking advantage of comprehensive surgical planning with optimized fusion of functional mapping and intraoperative modalities merits consideration given the invasiveness of a two-stage approach for limited added value. Integrated pre-surgical nTMS allowed for mapping of eloquent cortex without invasive electrocortical stimulation.