A-site deficient semiconductor electrolyte Sr 1- x Co x FeO 3- δ for low-temperature (450-550 °C) solid oxide fuel cells.

Fast ionic conduction at low operating temperatures is a key factor for the high electrochemical performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Here an A-site deficient semiconductor electrolyte Sr 1- x Co x FeO 3- δ is proposed for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs). A fuel cell with a structure of Ni/NCAL-Sr 0.7 Co 0.3 FeO 3- δ -NCAL/Ni reached a promising performance of 771 mW cm -2 at 550 °C. Moreover, appropriate doping of cobalt at the A-site resulted in enhanced charge carrier transportation yielding an ionic conductivity of >0.1 S cm -1 at 550 °C. A high OCV of 1.05 V confirmed that neither short-circuiting nor power loss occurred during the operation of the prepared SOFC device. A modified composition of Sr 0.5 Co 0.5 FeO 3- δ and Sr 0.3 Co 0.7 FeO 3- δ also reached good fuel cell performance of 542 and 345 mW cm -2 , respectively. The energy bandgap analysis confirmed optimal cobalt doping into the A-site of the prepared perovskite structure improved the charge transportation effect. Moreover, XPS spectra showed how the Co-doping into the A-site enhanced O-vacancies, which improve the transport of oxide ions. The present work shows that Sr 0.7 Co 0.3 FeO 3- δ is a promising electrolyte for LT-SOFCs. Its performance can be boosted with Co-doping to tune the energy band structure.