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A case report of high-output heart failure due to arteriovenous shunt without bowel: how to address?

Zarina HabibiJohanna Abma-KramerHans-Peter Brunner-La Rocca
Published in: European heart journal. Case reports (2023)
High-output HF is an uncommon form of HF with an uncertain prevalence. The most common aetiologies reported in the literature are obesity, cirrhosis, and arteriovenous shunts. Sublingual administration of captopril can be an effective treatment option for HF patients unable to absorb oral-administered drugs.
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